Murali Amrutha, Biju Ashna, George Jiss Mary, Mohan Bharath

Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Annoor Dental College and Hospital, Muvattupuzha

Running title – Condylar hypoplasia

Received: 11-03-2024

Revised: 15-03-2024

Accepted: 22-03-2024

Address for correspondence: Dr. Amrutha Murali, Assistant Professor, Dept of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Annoor dental college, Perumattom (PO), Muvattupuzha, Kerala-686673, India

Email – amruthamurali2012@gmail.com

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How to cite this article:  Murali A, Biju A, George J M, Mohan B. Unilateral condylar hypoplasia- A case report. J Oral Biomed Sci 2024; 3:

Abstract

Unilateral condylar hypoplasia in a 25-year-old female patient who presented with progressive facial asymmetry, clinical examination and panoramic radiograph reveled condylar hypoplasia on right side

Keywords: Condylar hypoplasia, Syndromes

Case Report: A 25 year-old female patient reported to the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology with complaints of progressive facial asymmetry since 1 year .Extra-oral examination revealed gross facial asymmetry of the lower third of the face with deviation of the mandible to the right side. The range of mandibular movement was normal. Intra oral examination revealed the mandibular midline was shifted to the right side with cross bite on the same side. Panoramic radiograph revealed short condylar neck on right side associated with prominent antegonial notch on the right side. The patient was referred to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial surgery and orthodontics for further management.

Fig 1a,b – Extra-oral photograph of the patient showing facial asymmetry of the lower third of the face with deviation of the mandible to the right side.

Fig 2 – midline shifted to the right side with cross bite on right side

Fig 3 – Panoramic radiograph showing short condylar neck and more prominent antegonial notch on the right side as compared to the left side.

DISCUSSION

Condylar hypoplasia is defined by Neville as a defective growth of the mandibular condyle, which can be congenital or acquired.1 In congenital condylar hypoplasia, it is associated with syndromes of the head and neck, including mandibulofacial dysostosis, oculo-auriculo-vertebral syndrome (Goldenhar syndrome) and hemifacial microsomy. In acquired condylar hypoplasia, it occurs due to disorders of the growth center of the developing condyle. The most common cause is trauma in the condylar region during the first and second decade of life, other causes include infections, radiation therapy and rheumatoid or degenerative arthritis. In cases  of condylar  hypoplasia,  affected side  fails to grow  downward  and  forward  leading  to  three dimensional  asymmetry. The  diagnosis  is  arrived  at  by  a  correlation  of  the clinical  findings  with  the  radiological  findings.2 Treatment  consists  of  surgical  lengthening of  the affected  side.  Presurgical orthodontic therapy helps optimize results.  In growing patients, orthopaedic treatment with functional appliances is often helpful in correcting deformities or in reducing the worsening of deformities with growth.  After the patient has stopped growing, skeletal  deformities  can be  corrected  only by  double jaw  surgery  and/  or  genioplasty  or  unilateral mandibular augmentation.3

Conflict of interest: None

Source of support: Nil 

REFERNCES

  1. Neville BW, Damm DD, Allen CM, Chi AC. Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology-E-Book. 4th ed. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2015 May 4.
  2. Sivapathasundharam B. Shafer’s Textbook of Oral Pathology-E Book. 8th ed. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2016 Jul 25.
  3. Glick M, Greenberg MS, Lockhart PB, Challacombe SJ. Introduction to oral medicine and oral diagnosis: patient evaluation. In: Greenberg MS, Glick M, Ship JA, editors. Burket’s Oral Medicine. 13th ed. Shelton, CT: People’s Medical Publishing House; 2021. p. 1-8.

 

 

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